Descartes and the Mind Essay - 1689 Words

The topic of the mind and how do we know has been around since the beginning of time. It is one of those questions that will most likely never be answered. I mean, the mind itself is so perplexing that we are still learning stuff about it daily. One question that Descartes proposed was â€Å"how do we know?† we still are pondering this one today. We ask it almost every day, maybe not in that way but in some form or another. So honestly, how do we know? Whenever Descartes started studying about the mind he denounced all of his previous opinions and started fresh. He first stated that â€Å"knowledge is seen as a building in which all the superstructure is resting on a foundation, and the building is only as strong as its foundation†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦So he began to ponder on how to prove that he truly did exist. He finally came up with this: Thought exists; it alone cannot be separated from me. I am; I exist – this is certain. But for how long? For as long as I am thinking; for perhaps it could also come to pass that if I were to cease all thinking I would then utterly cease to exist. At this time I admit nothing that is not necessarily true. I am therefore precisely nothing but a thinking thing; that is a mind, or intellect, or understanding, or reason – words of whose meanings I was previously ignorant. Yet I am a true thing and am truly existing; but what kind of thing? I have said it already: a thinking thing (Meditation II 31). So in proving that he existed he also proved who he was or who we are. We are â€Å"thinking things† things that can function as long as we think, but the moment that we stop thinking is the moment that we no longer exist. So is that the moment we die? Or is it something entirely different? So through this he proved that anything that he cannot doubt then that is what he is. And whatever he can doubt, then he is not. He now had the knowledge of knowing about himself of who and what he was. But there was a problem with this, that even though one doubted something then it could still be true. One could doubt that he/she won a race even though they did win. Even thoughShow MoreRelatedDescartes Mind and Body1480 Words   |  6 PagesDescartes’ Mind Body Dualism Rene Descartes’ main purpose is to attempt to prove that the mind that is the soul or the thinking thing is distinct and is separate from the body. This thinking thing was the core of himself, which doubts, believes, reasons, feels and thinks. Descartes considers the body to be an extended unthinking thing; therefore it is possible that one may exist without the other. This view is known as mind-body dualism. He believes that what he is thinking in his mind is what GodRead MoreDescartes’ Mind and Body Distinction817 Words   |  3 PagesDescartes’ Mind/Body Distinction This paper will attempt to explain Descartes’ first argument for the distinction that exists between mind and body. Dualism is a necessary aspect of Descartes’ metaphysics and epistemology. This distinction is important within the larger framework of Meditations on First Philosophy (1641) because after doubting everything (body, extension, senses, etc.), Descartes comes to the conclusion that because he doubts, he must be a thinking thing and therefore exist (p.43)Read MoreDescartes Proof That The Mind And The Body1568 Words   |  7 PagesDescartes’ proof that the Mind and the Body are distinct substances is as follows, First Descartes asserts that everything that can be clearly and distinctly understood is within the ability to be created by God as to correspond identically with the way that Descartes understand things in the world. It follows from this assertion that because Descartes is able to clearly and distinctly understand one thing apart from one anot her is enough to make them noticeably different in substance. DescartesRead MoreDescartes : Mind Over Matter1331 Words   |  6 Pages1018 Professor Crowell Phil 21 22 April 2016 Mind over Matter In his meditations Descartes supposed there was two fundamentally different sorts of substances in the universe, physical stuff, which bodies and chairs etc. are made up of; which is extended in space, hence he called it res extensa, but there’s also mind stuff which isn’t in space at all thinking stuff or, res cogitans. Bodies are made of res extensa and minds are made of res cogitans and the two are separate. To understand why he thoughtRead MoreDescartes : Mind And Body Dualism735 Words   |  3 PagesDescartes was a Renaissance philosopher who affirmed the value of the deductive method (Chaplin Krawiec, 1983). This is an essential part of the scientific method where in the search for knowledge one passes from the general to the particular in a way that starting from premises of universal character particular statements are inferred. His philosophical method of questioning all propositions leads him to suggest that doubt is an act of thinking and he could not doubt that he thought, affirmingRead MoreEssay on Descartes Mind and Body1129 Words   |  5 PagesDescartes has a very distinct thought when thinking about the mind, and how it relates to the body, or more specifically then brain. He seems to want to explain that the mind in itself is independent from the body. A body is merely a physical entity that could be proven to be true scientifically and also can be proven through the senses. Such things are not possible with the meta-physical mind because it is independent of the body. Building on his previous premises, Descartes finally proves whetherRead MoreDescartes And The Mind Body Dualism2479 Words   |  10 Pages â€Å"The mind-body dualism, in philosophy, is the fact that any theory that the mind and body are distinct kinds of substances or natures. This position implies that mind and body not only differ in meaning, but refer to different kinds of entities (Britannica).† The most basic form of dualism is substance dualism. Substance dualism is the idea that he mind and body are composed of two ontologically distinct substances. According to one who believes and studies dualism, the mind is comprised of aRead MoreDescartes on the Distinction Between Body and Mind1181 Words   |  5 PagesName Tutor Course Date Descartes Premise for Distinguishing Body and Mind In the Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes discusses the nature of the body and mind. By drawing from three lines of thought, Descartes launches a powerful premise that the body is something distinct from the mind. He conceptualizes his argument by using the uncertainty of knowledge argument, appealing to God’s omnipotence, and describing the indivisibility of the body and mind. Therefore, the purpose of this paperRead MoreDescartes Meditations And The Separation Of Mind And Body1608 Words   |  7 PagesDescartes’ Meditations take us through what can be called into doubt and what he concludes is absolutely certain. Descartes argues that the mind and body are two distinct things, but he acknowledges that they are somehow connected. Although, Scholars have noted Descartes’ argument of the separation of mind and body, they have missed the importance of how he justifies the connection between the two, because God willed it so. At the start of his meditations Descartes is sifting through his priorRead MoreDescartes: Relationship Between Mind and Body922 Words   |  4 PagesDistinction between the Mind and Body†, one important thing Descartes explores is the relationship between the mind and body. Descartes believes the mind and body are separated and they are two difference substances. He believes this to be clearly and distinctly true which is a Cartesian quality for true knowledge. I, on the other hand, disagree that the mind and body are separate and that the mind can exist without the body. First, I will present Descartes position on mind/body dualism and his proof

Relevance Of Shakespeare s Tragedies Essay - 2428 Words

RELEVANCE OF SHAKESPEARE’S TRAGEDIES IN MODERN INDIAN SOCIETY A. Phaniraja Kumar Abstract: Despite the reshifting of values that has affected every aspect of life in the 21st century, William Shakespeare still stands as the greatest writer of the English Language has ever produced. In this paper, I analyse Shakespearean great tragedies’ relevance to the complexities of modern Indian society. His plays have been revalued and reinterpreted in terms to the complexities and especially ‘milieu’ of each age and country. All human life is there in his plays, its greatness and its imperfections alike, both mirrored in the triumphs and flaws of his technique. Key words: Appeasement, avowal, bereft, facets, favouritism, formication, idealist, interpersonal, intrapersonal, materialism, multitudinous, nepotism, prototype, retime and turpitude. Introduction: William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is one of the greatest men of genius who have ever born in the world. The whole world commemorating 2016 as the 400th death anniversary of Shakespeare. It is time to honour the literary legend. He has been for four centuries as perpetual source of delight and knowledge. His works have been read and studied with great interest even after 400 years. There are 37 dramas, two long poems and 154 sonnets to his credit. This certainly makes Shakespeare the â€Å"Emperor† of the realm of literature. William Shakespeare, the bard of Avon, appeals to all ages and all countries because he is the greatestShow MoreRelatedOverview of Macbeth1746 Words   |  7 Pagesremarked on the importance of Macbeth in the context of Shakespeare s works. In Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, Bloom writes, The rough magic in Macbeth is wholly Shakespeare s; he indulges his own imagination as never before, seeking to find its moral limits (if any). Bloom also remarks, Macbeth is an uncanny unity of setting, plot, and characters, fused together beyond comparison with any other play of Shakespeare s. Bloom is not alone in his admiration for this enduringRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And The English Language1649 Words   |  7 PagesPoet, playwright, actor and dramatist, William Shakespeare is one of the most influential and greatest writers up to this day in poetry and the English language. Known, for his many acclaimed works such as his famous plays, â€Å"Othello,† â€Å"King Lear,† and â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† etc. More than four hundred years have passed and William Shakespeare’s work still alive as if it was during the early ages of Shakespeare work. Shakespeare influenced ranges from literature, theater, films and even the English languageRead MoreUnderstanding Student Characteristics As An Educator Essay1309 Words   |  6 Pagesinto account the differences and similarities amongst the stude nts and the societal effects on them, this allows the individualization of planning. By integrating the students’ diversity, the educator will increase the students’ learning through relevance, motivation, and engagement. Recognizing how learning is affected by student cultural or societal diversity allows teachers to better prepare their lessons to effectively teach the students. In Classroom Communication and Diversity: Enhancing InstitutionalRead MoreShakespeare Is The Greatest Masterpiece Ever Written? Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"To read or not to read,† that is the question. With each passing year, the philosophical question must be asked, â€Å"Is Shakespeare relevant in the 21st century.† Shakespeare lived over 400 years ago and the English style in which he wrote has changed, making it difficult for new students to read and understand his writings without the use of translation. Shakespeare’s eloquent execution of rhyme and flowing images commands a locution that slips from the tongue like silken cream, and this giftedRead MoreEssay about William Shakespeares Relevance Today2257 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Relevance Today For as long as formal education has existed in Britain it has been a largely standard assumption that teaching the works of William Shakespeare is relevant and necessary. Perhaps the relevance of his writing is taken for granted, perhaps it is necessary to re-examine the role of Shakespeare for the modern audience. There are indeed many people who question the relevance of this 440 year old playwright to a 21st century audienceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello As A Tragic Hero1323 Words   |  6 Pagesthroughout the play. Many of the characters that Shakespeare presents in his plays reveal attitudes and value that is reflective of both the Elizabethan society in sixteenth century England and William Shakespeare; these values are evident in the context of the Venetian society that Othello takes place in. Through Othello Shakespeare embodies his belief of a tragic hero exemplifying his own values. Through the representation of Othello Shakespeare is sharing what he believes is a tragic hero as wellRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare892 Words   |  4 Pagesplay ‘The Tragedy of Macbeth’, written between 1599 and 1606 by William Shakespeare, has been reinterpreted in the 2010 film ‘Macbeth’. The 2010 film successfully takes its own reading of Shakespeare s play; by changing the setting, the director, Rupert Goold, effectively conveys m any of the key themes and issues found in the original text. Whilst transforming some on the underlying meanings to correspond to the alternative readings contemporary audiences might take from Shakespeare s Macbeth. TheRead MoreSight and Blindness in King Lear1615 Words   |  7 Pagesplummeted to the utter depths of depravity. Through a close reading of the text, I will argue that Shakespeare employs the plot of Gloucester to explicate Lears plot, and, in effect, contextualizes Lears metaphorical blindness with Gloucesters physical loss of vision. King Lear:   The Theme of Blindness (Lack of Insight)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Shakespeares classic tragedy, King Lear, the issue of sight and its relevance to clear vision is a recurring theme.   Shakespeares principal means of portraying this themeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1209 Words   |  5 Pageswhich I will analyse today which are love and hate. The deepest principles in human nature are hate and love, these two contrasting emotions are key in understanding Romeo and Juliet. It s a play which dates back to the late 1500’s written by one of the most influential playwrights in history William Shakespeare. Today I will explore the nature of love and hate within Romeo and Juliet and discover the issues that are still relevant today. The two protagonists families the Capulets and the MontaguesRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s Oedipus Rex 1442 Words   |  6 Pagestheir lifetime have likely heard the name, Shakespeare. A true mogul of the Elizabethan Theatre era, Shakespeare has written 37 plays and over 154 sonnets that are still performed on stages today. Similarly, anyone who has ever picked up a book has read about Sigmund Freud or some of his theories. Freud established many of the modern practices used in psychiatry and taught in psychology classes worldwide. Freud is a pioneer of psychology just as Shakespeare is to literature and theatre. They are two

Biblical Injunctions against Homosexuality Free Essays

Homosexuality remains one of the hottest topics in the modern society. We argue, whether homosexuality has the right to exist in society, and try to explain homosexuality notions in Biblical terms. Objectively, neither proponents, nor opponents of homosexual relations have ever suggested any single relevant system of arguments to defend their position. We will write a custom essay sample on Biblical Injunctions against Homosexuality or any similar topic only for you Order Now We try to rely on religion, and we try to interpret our views on homosexuality through the Biblical injunctions against homosexuality. Yet, we still fail to properly interpret Biblical provisions. As a result, proponents and opponents of homosexuality use different (and even opposite) interpretations of the same Biblical texts to support their arguments. John Corvino vs. Vatican: Homosexuality and the Bible It is always interesting and useful to review the two opposite viewpoints, when it comes to evaluating the relevance of both arguments. Such comparison is even more useful, when the arguments are based on the Biblical texts – the texts which still lack single unilateral interpretation. John Corvino has become a well known advocate for the rights of homosexuals. He has used the major Biblical provisions to support his approval of homosexuality. In his work The Bible Condemns Usurers, Too he has used the analogy between homosexuality and the process of lending money for interest. In the Book of Exodus, we read: â€Å"if you lend money to my people, to the poor among you, you shall not exact interest for them† (Childs 33). However, contemporary society actively utilizes the principles of interest in traditional banking practice (with the exception of Islamic banking which still relies on lending without interest). Does this mean that while the Bible prohibits homosexuality it still has the right to exist? In Corvino’s view, it does. Moreover, Corvino uses one of the strongest Biblical injunctions against homosexuality to suggest that the Bible has probably been erroneous! The Bible explicitly refers to â€Å"dishonorable passions. Their women exchanges natural relations for unnatural, and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men† (Ziesler 97). Corvino tries to suggest, that although the Bible condemns homosexuality, the times and social conditions have changed. â€Å"Suppose that in Paul’s time homosexual relationships were typically exploitative, paganistic or pederastic† (Corvino). For Vatican, though such suggestions are at least weak. First of all, Vatican unilaterally condemns homosexuality. Second, Vatican grounds its position on the same Biblical injunctions against homosexuality. It is remarkable, that Vatican primarily uses the same letter of Paul to Romans to support its strong condemnation of homosexuality: â€Å"Therefore God gave them over in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another. They exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshiped and served created things rather than the Creator – who is forever praised. Amen† (Vatican Statement on Homosexuality). It is not difficult to guess what the Church would respond to Corvino: the Church would certainly defend the holy union between a man and a woman. The letter of Paul to Romans is the direct condemnation of homosexuality, and it is difficult not to deny that the Bible takes homosexual behavior as immoral. In 1997, Vatican released a Statement on Homosexuality. That Statement has become the brightest and the most understandable interpretation of Vatican’s position towards homosexuality. â€Å"To choose someone of the same sex for one’s sexual activity is to annul the rich symbolism and meaning, not to mention the goals, of the Creator’s sexual design† (Vatican Statement on Homosexuality). Even in the light of such strong Church’s arguments, Corvino’s position remains unchanged. He persistently tries to assure the public that we misinterpret Biblical provisions. Corvino grounds his position on the irrelevance of contemporary Biblical interpretations, and on the fact that many Biblical injunctions against homosexuality are at least outdated. Vatican would hardly agree with that position. When the Bible says â€Å"By their fruits ye shall know them† (Ziesler 99), this does not mean that the Bible stands for homosexuality. Moreover, Vatican openly recognizes that it has appeared under the serious pressure to accept homosexuality. While Corvino suggests that the Church refuses to see homosexual relations as good, Vatican responds that â€Å"there is an effort in some countries to manipulate the Church [†¦] to conform to these pressure groups’ concept that homosexuality is at least a completely harmless, if not an entirely good, thing† (Vatican Statement on Homosexuality). For Vatican to reject homosexuality means not only to rely on certain Biblical passages; it means to evaluate the position of homosexuality proponents, and to re-direct the proponents’ arguments against themselves. Conclusion We have seen that both Vatican and John Corvino ground their research of homosexuality on the Bible. Moreover, Vatican and Corvino evaluate the same Biblical injunctions against homosexuality to prove that each of them keeps to a more correct path in the homosexuality debate. The Bible openly condemns homosexuality. John Corvino suggests that the Biblical injunctions against homosexuality are outdated and require re-consideration in the light of the changing societal conditions. Vatican keeps to the thought that homosexuality cannot be good, it cannot be harmless, and takes Corvino’s position as threatening to the religious stability of the society. Both arguments deserve attention; both require detailed re-evaluation in terms of Biblical interpretations, and the analogies drawn by John Corvino. It would be incorrect to state that either Vatican or Corvino have failed to justify their position towards homosexuality. It will be better to say that as long as both positions exist and are defended in the society, we will be able to produce a more objective view on what homosexuality is, and whether it has the right to exist as a notion. Works Cited Corvino, John. â€Å"The Bible Condemned Usurers, Too. † Harvard Gay and Lesbian Review, 24 (1996): 29-32. Childs, Brevard S. The Book of Exodus: A Critical Theological Commentary. Westminster John Knox Press, 1974. â€Å"Vatican Statement on Homosexuality†. 1997. Catholic World News. 06 March 2008. http://www. cwnews. com/news/viewstory. cfm? recnum=4548 Ziesler, John A. Paul’s Letter to the Romans. New Testament Commentaries. CRM Press. How to cite Biblical Injunctions against Homosexuality, Papers

Harbin Ice Festival Essay Sample free essay sample

1. 0 Introduction2. 1 History Make you cognize that ice was one time used to keep a firing taper during the Qing Dynasty back in 1644? The ice lantern was foremost created in the northeast China during the winter clip. It was said that. back in the seventeenth century. ice lanterns were made by fisherman and husbandmans in the nor-east China to forestall the taper from being blown out by the strong air current. Due to the flood tide conditions in northeast China. ice can easy be formed by merely allowing a pail of H2O to stop dead in unfastened air. Therefore. fishermen in China decide fill up a pail of H2O and allow it stop dead in the unfastened infinite. After few hours of stop deading in the unfastened infinite. fishermen heat the pail a small to divide the ice from the pail. The fisherman so chiseled a hole in the center of the ice to let go of the staying H2O go forthing a hollow vas. A windproof ice lantern is now formed. The windproof ice lantern has gain popularity that people starts to do ice lanterns to set outside their house and gave it to their kids to play during some festivals. Ice lantern was the symbol of winter vacation back in the old yearss. Ice lanterns besides typify the novel alterations and huge progress in techniques of the Chinese workmanship. 2. 2 Introduction of Harbin Ice lanterns were foremost found in Harbin. Northeast China. which is located under the direct influence of the cold winter from Siberia. Harbin metropolis came into colony foremost in 1907. by the Nazhen nationality. This topographic point was named Harbin because of the natural and cold fishing country in Songhua River. The name of Harbin literally meant â€Å"where fishing cyberspaces are dried† . During winter yearss particularly on January. the mean high temperature reached -13  °C ( 8  °F ) while the mean low temperature reached -25  °C ( -13  °F ) . Although this state. Hei Long Jiang is under a bad conditions. the population of this state had incredibly reached 39 million. and the official population in lone Harbin is 10 million with 4 million life in proper metropolis countries. 2. 0 Impact2. 1 Social and cultural impacts Harmonizing to ‘Festival and Particular Event Management. Fourth Edition’ . all events have a direct societal and cultural impact on their participants. The impacts might be little from state to state and large until countrywide. Every event give impact of positive and negative to the participant. First. the positive societal and cultural impact to this event is the sharing of experience. While tourers participate in this event. they tend to larn experience from the citizens and might every bit good portion their ain experience to the other. Besides. the rate of community engagement besides increased because the readying work for this festival acquires a batch of labour which opens a on the job chance to the citizens which increases the activity of citizens during a cold conditions. The 2012 Harbin ice and snow festival besides coincides the start of China-Russia touristry twelvemonth. hence. most of the performing artists from Russia fall in the performing artists from China to set up several memorable shows. which had increased the value of the full event. Furthermore. new and ambitious thoughts were introduced through this event such as a new degree of ice sculpting accomplishments. Craftsmans were able to derive new ice carving and sculpturing from this festival. Harmonizing the CNN News. there were about 2000 ice statues around Harbin and the largest snow sculpture. a 27 metre high ‘Snow Girl’ were placed in The Sun Island. Furthermore. this festival had built the community pride of the state and the state. During the interview with CNN News. a Harbin occupant said he was excited since ice and snow were ever a portion of their civilization. and were joyous because the ice festival made their metropolis more beautiful and was happy that aliens can experience the enthusiasm of the locals through the event. This festival had impressed aliens and even the locals from other state to pay a visit to this highly cold topographic point during winter. Harmonizing to the CNN News study. 18 twosomes from around the universe were witness to finish their nuptials in the event. One of the bride Gao XiaoYu said the ice nuptials was a memory to their first day of the month since she and her hubby foremost met on a winter twenty-four hours. This international event had brought the state to another degree in the universe and addition popularity for this festival. With this head. negative societal impact as negative community image will besides be a portion of the full festival. Negative community image is they negative manner citizen show to the participants as soiled lavatory. smoke in public topographic points etc. These will straight impact the image of the topographic point or even the whole state. Besides. bad behaviours are besides a common job happens during the festival. Bad behaviours such as touching or destructing the ice statues will convey bad image to the peculiar state. Harmonizing to Black Diamond Equipment. sponsored athlete were allowed to mount on any of the ice edifice by organisers had received many negative remarks as it’s said to hold destroy the edifice and has show disrespect to the creative persons. In add-on. a serious negative impact is community disaffection. Locals will seek to set or alter their original civilization in order to be welcoming. 2. 2 Political Impact Politic is plays an of import function in events particularly international events. Events were use by politicians to derive their personal popularity among the people. They frequently throw a unfastened house for Hari Raya. Chinese New Year. Hari Deepavali and others. or charity shows. The positive impacts for The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival had successfully build up the international prestigiousness of China. The festival had bring great celebrity to the state and the state while keeping the festival as this topographic point were frequently cut out from the list of going due to the conditions. However. the festival had made the topographic point more lively and warm with the welcoming of Harbin Residents. As Mayor of Harbin. Mr Lin Duo said they warmly welcome invitees around the universe to fall in the festival. In add-on. this festival has so improved the profile of the topographic point as it shows the beautiful side of the landscape. The blest landscape had allow sculpturers to demo their endowment and construct something magnificent. Harmonizing to the study of a CNN Go staff from CNN News states that the organisers of the festival plans to construct the universe longest ice slide but the locale and length are yet to be announced. Furthermore. the festival had opened a opportunity for investors to put and take to the development. Harmonizing to the website ‘Direct Rooms’ . the entire figure of registered hotels in Harbin is 65. As a affair of fact. hotels were built to ingratiate the sum of tourers that flows into Harbin each twelvemonth. Therefore. this festival had drawn a amount of investors. Meanwhile. for one thing the organisers feared the most is the hazard of failure of the event. The successful of this festival had become the Centre of focal point to tourers and the local authorities. Therefore. organisers were forced to do certain the festival operates right each twelvemonth. Once a failure occurs. the festival might loss its focal point. Besides. local authorities might loss the community ownership and control to the tourers around the universe. Tourists were overpowering the cordial reception of locals and were frequently demanding. This brings irritation to locals which they can’t do anything about it because of the personal right of the tourers. If this state of affairs continues. the harmonious between locals and tourers might come to a breakage point. Besides. tourers find this festival deficiency of answerability as there is no official organisation to manage the ailments. This is a serious job to as there will be no betterment if the organiser know n il about the dissatisfied of tourers. 2. 3 Environmental impact Harmonizing to ‘Festival and Particular Event Management. Fourth Edition’ . an event is an first-class manner in which to showcase the alone features of the host environment. For case. the climbathon held in Mount Kinabalu each twelvemonth had show the universe the beautiful landscape of Malaysia or North Borneo. known by aliens to the universe. The Harbin Ice and Snow Festival had provided a opportunity to showcase the environment of Harbin. During the interview with China Daily News. a tourer Zhao Li had visited The Sun Island and said she was excited to see in a monolithic and well-protected wetland. In add-on. China is a state with assorted sorts of landscape in different countries. Therefore. it is a learning opportunity for tourers to larn the high land and the beauty of the landscape. In add-on. the festival had besides increased the environmental consciousness for tourers. Harmonizing to the statistic. sum of ice blocks cut from Song Hua River each twelvemonth were over 100. 000 dozenss for the festival. Peoples began to aware the job of planetary heating as the H2O degree rises. Through this festival. participants were educated the importance of H2O in mundane life. Furthermore. the transit and communicating were besides upgraded and improved due to the convenience of the tourer which besides indirectly benefits the locals. Conveyances and communicating is a really of import elements for each and every events. Therefore. public conveyances and route were mend and nicely construct to increase the feeling of tourers. Despite the positive impact were converting. there will ever be negative impacts. Noise perturbation is a common job seen during the festival each twelvemonth as the topographic point is flooded with tourers and locals. During the full festival. the quiet and cold metropolis had become lively. but it had created noise pollution for locals. Foreigners with different wont had disturbed the peace of the locals. Likewise. traffic congestion is besides a great job as tourers flood into the metropolis by vehicles had destroyed the peace of the metropolis. Traffic congestion is a serious affair that can do traffic accident and event defeat which is unsafe. Harmonizing to research. accident will ever go on during any festivals or events no affair it is terrible or light. To work out this job. local authorities should develop a new manner of conveyance that can work out the traffic job. Last but non least. pollution is a common job in every event. For illustration air and noise pollution. Transportation system increased in a sudden large sum had released toxic gas and fume that endangered wellness and lead to planetary heating. The air released might indirectly destruct the ice sculpture and shorten the clip of the festival as ice starts to run when there is heat. Melting ice sculpture might be a menace to the participant safety as large blocks of ice might be falling. Harmonizing to the local meteorological agency. a senior meteorologist at the Heilongjiang Observatory Yin Xuemian said that the ice sculpture thaws right after they were sculpt on twelvemonth 2002. While twelvemonth 2006. a ball amount of money and energy were needed to r emake the liquid sculptures. 2. 4 Tourism and economic impact An event is tightly tied to tourism and economic system. These elements are really common and of import to a peculiar event as event has the power to convey a dead metropolis to life. As a affair of fact. touristry is besides a great manner to convey in money exchanged and is a chief income of a state. The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival had created a destinational publicity and increased tourer visits. Mentions: hypertext transfer protocol: //english. cntv. cn/program/cultureexpress/20120109/110434. shtml hypertext transfer protocol: //vimeo. com/38873359hypertext transfer protocol: //www. cnngo. com/shanghai/visit/harbin-ice-and-snow-festival-celebrate-china-russia-tourism-year-545566 hypertext transfer protocol: //directrooms. com/china/hotels/harbin-hotels/price1. htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www. chinadaily. com. cn/bizchina/2012-08/30/content_15718771. htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www. colourlovers. com/blog/2009/02/02/color-inspiration-2009-harbin-ice-snow-festival hypertext transfer protocol: //www. China. org. cn/english/environment/238742. htm